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KMID : 0380119990220040227
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Korean Journal of Ecology
1999 Volume.22 No. 4 p.227 ~ p.234
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Air Pollution Situation and Forest Ecosystems in China
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Kim, Young-Kul
Shang, He/Yoo, Jeong-Hwan/Lee, Choong Hwa
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Abstract
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The air pollution taking smoke pollution as the dominant factor is getting more and more serious in China. This paper summarized the information of field investigation conducted in the middle of the 1980s, concerning the effects of acid rain on forests. The results mainly included the direct effects of acid rain on the growth and productivity of forest trees, forest soil, soil microbes, plant diseases and insect pests. These research results showed that forest decline occurred in some areas was closely related to direct effects from SO_2, acid mist or extreme acid rain events. In the past decade the acid rain has arisen over an extensive areas along with the increases in emissions of SO_2 and NO_x. Next to the Europe and North America, China became the third most polluted regions with extensive areas affected by acid rain in the world, and the areas are rising. The most seriously polluted areas are the central and southwestern China. And the acid rain was also widely distributed and fairly serious in southern and coastal regions. The most acidic precipitation occurred in extensive regions to south of Yangzhe River and east of Sichuan basin, which ranged from 31.6∼100.0 μeq/L (pH 4.5∼4.0). It was estimated that in the 11 provinces seriously affected by acid rain, the reduction of timber growing stock and drop in production of crop attributed to acid rain brought about direct economic losses of being up to 44 and 51 hundred million yuan, respectively. In February 1998, the National Environment Protection Agency of China claimed that the central government will take a series of new countermeasures in order to achieve the following goals: the worst tendency of acid rain in acid rain control area will be relieved up to the year of 2000, and the SO_2 level in the air will reach the national standard of environmental quality up to the year of 2010.
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KEYWORD
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